Welcome to the fifth and last part of this series on the 3 types of income one can get through real estate investing. Before you begin reading this article, I recommend you review the first four parts:

How to get portfolio income through real estate investing

Earned income through real estate investing

Passive income through real estate investing – the path to financial freedom(Part 1)

How passive income through real estate investing can lead to financial freedom(Part 2)

In this series finale, let me share some final words and how one can use all three types of income to achieve financial freedom. Here goes…

Recap and some afterthoughts…

Portfolio Income

In a nutshell, portfolio income in real estate is basically income on paper in the form of equity. You still need to either sell or refinance a property to make use of your equity. Any property bought below market value should have a big potential for a gain in equity, if it really was bought below market value.

Portfolio income may boost one’s net worth and may give one bragging rights, but as Rich Dad would put it, someone’s net worth is often “worth less” than they think. In other words, if one’s equity cannot be turned into cash, or if the property cannot generate any positive cashflow, then those properties are “worth less” as they really are not  assets that put money in your pocket but are rather liabilities that take money away from your pocket.

Speaking of paper assets, one may soon be able to invest in a Real Estate Investment Trust or REIT here in the Philippines, which I believe is a form of paper asset. More information about REIT in the Philippines can be found here: Real Estate Investment Trusts (REIT) – The next big thing in real estate

Earned income

Earned income that one can gain through capital gains, and commissions(now referred to as professional fees because of the RESA LAW) is a relatively quicker way of earning from real estate investing, but should not be looked at as a means to get rich quick.

I believe that the earned income one can get through capital gains from flipping properties should be used to acquire passive income generating assets later on.

Although it may appear that earned income through flipping properties received a bashing from me when I compared it to the rat race, make no mistake, I still believe that we still need to flip properties for capital gains as it is a great way to build capital. This can then be used later on to buy bigger deals that can produce bigger positive cashflow, much like lesson #2 in the Top 7 lessons I learned from playing Rich Dad’s Cashflow 101 game.

Passive income

Passive income, considered by many as the holy grail of real estate investing, can really help one become financially free, but there are a lot of things one should remember when investing for passive income. Let me summarize them below.

1. Proper pre-screening of tenants is needed to avoid “tenants from hell”. Failure to do this can spell disaster.
2. Rental properties require competent property management and maintenance.
3. It is the hardest real estate investing technique to do because finding properties that can generate positive cashflow is more difficult than finding properties that can be flipped for a profit, and this applies whether you buy foreclosed properties from banks, or those that are for sale by owners or FSBO’s.
4. It may sound simple, but is definitely not easy.
5. Although it may not be easy, it is easier than most people think. It is definitely easier than spending most of your life stuck in the rat race as an employee.
6. Negatively geared rental properties can become positively geared eventually through rental escalation(Thanks Gio for reminding me about this through your comment), provided the property is in a good location. Of course, it would be ideal to have a rental property produce positive cashflow from the very start.

Which investing strategy should you use?

Do you invest for equity and build you net worth, or for capital gains through flipping (wholesaling and retailing), or for passive income by acquiring rental properties? If you ask me, I believe it would be better to combine all of them! let me try to explain as follows:

1. “Make money when you buy, not when you sell…”

In other words, make sure you buy properties below market value. How much below market value? That would depend on your profit targets but a safe target would be to acquire properties between 40% to 50% below market value. In effect, that discount would translate to a bigger potential for equity gain. This would help ensure that a deal will really be profitable, provided you were able to arrive at a fairly accurate estimate of a property’s market value.

2. Raise capital through earned income/capital gains

As mentioned earlier in this post, one can potentially raise capital faster by flipping properties that are bought at a price below market value for capital gains, or even through the accumulation of “professional fees” by acting as a real estate broker or agent. These can then be used later on to buy bigger deals that can produce bigger positive cashflow.

3. Use the capital to acquire passive income generating assets

The capital that can be raised through flipping properties can then be used to acquire income generating rental properties.

There you have it folks…

I hope you have enjoyed reading this series as much as I enjoyed writing it.  I would like to believe that I have this burning passion for real estate investing and I wish that somehow, I was able to share this passion of mine through this post. Feel free to let me know what you think by leaving a comment below. Thanks!

Let me leave you all with a quote from Herbert Spencer, which I often hear from Ebb, a teammate of mine in the RYP team:

“The great aim of education is not knowledge but action.”

Herbert Spencer-English philosopher (1820 – 1903)

To our success and financial freedom!

Jay Castillo

Real Estate Investor
Real Estate Broker License #: 20056
Blog: http://www.foreclosurephilippines.com
Follow me in Twitter:http://twitter.com/jay_castillo
Find us in Facebook:Foreclosure Philippines facebook page

Text by Jay Castillo and Cherry Castillo. Copyright © 2010 All rights reserved.

PS. Are you a new visitor? Click here NOW to start learning more about foreclosure investing in the Philippines

PPPS. Don’t be the last to know, subscribe to e-mail alerts and get notified of new listings of bank foreclosed properties, public auction schedules, and real estate investing tips. Inbox getting full? Subscribe through my RSS Feed instead!

3 types of income in real estate investing and which strategy to use is a post from: Foreclosure Investing Philippines

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This is part one of a 3-part series on the types of income one can get through real estate investing.  Rather than write another 3000+ word nosebleed article, I’ll break it down into three parts which should be more manageable and easier to digest.

Through this series, I hope to help beginning real estate investors by sharing my thoughts and ideas for each type of income, based mostly on actual experiences as a real estate investor. Part one tackles portfolio income through real estate investing.  Here goes…

Obviously, real estate investors get into real estate investing because of the income that real estate investing can generate. But what types of income can one get from real estate investing? What are the advantages/disadvantages for each type of income?

There are basically three types of income that one can get from real estate. These are:

• Portfolio income
• Earned income
• Passive income

Let me first try to explain portfolio income.

What is Portfolio Income

Portfolio income in a nutshell is the income or the gain you get in the form of an increase in equity.

What is equity?

Equity is basically the difference between a property’s current appraised value/market value and the loan principal balance as of a particular point in time.

For example, I bought a foreclosed property for Php1Million by putting down 20% downpayment or Php200,000, with a remaining  loan principal balance of 80% or Php800,000. Assuming the property’s current market value at this point in time is really Php1 Million, then my equity can be calculated as follows:

Equity=Php1 Million – Php800,000 = Php200,000

In this example, my equity is equal to my downpayment because I bought the property at market value.

For the example above, there really is still no portfolio income as I still have no gain in equity.

Portfolio Income from properties bought below market value

What if for the same foreclosed property above, which I bought for Php1Million pesos by putting 20% downpayment or  Php200,000, with a remaining loan principal balance of 80% or Php800,000, I had it repainted and got it ready for occupancy. I then had it appraised afterwards and the new appraisal is Php1.5 Million. My new equity can be computed as follows:

Equity = Php1.5 Million – Php800,000 = Php700,000

From an original equity of Php200,000, it increased to Php700,000.  In effect, I now have a portfolio income of Php500,000 in the form of equity that I have gained.

By the way, sometimes the equity can increase even without the introduction of improvements like painting or fixing up the property. This happens when the property was simply sold below market value because the appraised value or market value used by the seller was outdated.

The problem with portfolio income

There is only one problem with portfolio income. The income is just on paper! One still needs to do something to get the income out. In other words, I still need to turn my portfolio income into cash or realized income. Otherwise, it is just on paper and I cannot make use of it.

I also believe that portfolio income is still just an assumption and can be looked at as a form of speculation until the portfolio income is actually turned into cash.

How to turn portfolio income into cash

In order for one to turn the portfolio income into real cash, one would have to either sell the property at a price equal to the appraised value/market value or have the property refinanced at the new appraised value/market value.

1. Sell the property to get cash

For example, I decided to sell the sample property above and it got sold for Php1.5 Million cash. I would then have to pay off the loan principal balance of Php800,000 with the bank. That would leave me with Php700,000 cash on hand. I have already recouped my downpayment of Php200,000 and made an additional Php500,000 in the process, which was the equity I gained or portfolio income.

Of course one should also consider the taxes(Capital gains tax, etc.)  and other closing costs when a property is sold.

By the way, if one just keeps on selling properties, one is really just investing for capital gains. He/she would lose the cashflow the properties would generate, if any.

2. Refinance the property to get some cash out

On the other hand, if I had the property refinanced at the new appraised value/market value, I would be able to get a big chunk of my portfolio income if the new loan is approved.

Let’s say I went to a second bank, applied for a new loan to refinance my existing loan, and they had the property appraised. The new appraised value turned out to be Php1.5 Million as expected and the bank granted me a new loan based on this new appraised value, and they are willing to loan me 80% of the appraised value which is Php1.2 Million. The second bank would then pay off my loan with the first bank, which is Php800,000 and that would leave me with Php400K. This means I pocketed Php400,000 in cash by refinancing the loan.

Sure it was smaller than what I would have gotten if I had just sold the property, but that’s okay for 2 simple reasons:

(1)    I didn’t have to sell the property which means I don’t have to pay taxes related to properties getting sold like capital gains tax, documentary stamps tax, etc., and

(2)    The property remains to be mine and I get to continue enjoying the cashflow it generates(if any if it is tenanted) and any appreciation in its value, just in case I do decide to sell it down the road.

Of course, with refinancing, the new loan amount will translate to an increase in monthly amortization payments, etc. which should always be considered to determine the cashflow a property generates. At least I have taken out some of the cash which used to be portfolio income and I can use this to buy another income generating property, etc.

My thoughts on portfolio income

From my examples above, you will see that one cannot make use of portfolio income unless one takes steps to get the cash out. It looks good but the income is still just on paper.

However, portfolio income gives a good indication as to the potential of a property in terms of capital gains. It can help one see if you are really following the well known advice from Robert Kiyosaki and his Rich Dad which is

“You should make money when you buy, not when you sell…”

because the portfolio income is basically the money you can potentially make the moment you bought a property at a price below market value.

As stated earlier in this article, until you can turn portfolio income into cash by actually selling the property at a price equal to the market value or refinancing it at an appraised value higher than your purchase price, you are just speculating. Remember, we are supposed to be real estate investors, not speculators.

Since portfolio income is only on paper, having a large portfolio of properties that look good on paper is useless if you can’t get any cash out. Instead of being real assets, they are just liabilities that take money out of your pocket, unless these properties are generating passive income through rental or rent-to-own income.

In hindsight, I also believe that by selling a property, one is converting portfolio income into earned income. Earned income will be tackled in the next part of this series on the types of income one can get through real estate investing.

What do you think?

Coming Up Next: Earned income through real estate investing

Coming up in the next part of this series, I’m going to tackle how one gets earned income through real estate investing, how it can make you feel like you are back in the rat race (this should be interesting), and what can be done about it.

If you want to know more about earned income, head on over to part two of this series – Earned income through real estate investing

To our success and financial freedom!

Jay Castillo

Real Estate Investor
Real Estate Broker License #: 20056
Blog: http://www.foreclosurephilippines.com
Mobile phone (Call/SMS): +639178843882
Follow me in twitter:http://twitter.com/jay_castillo
Find us in Facebook:Foreclosure Philippines facebook page

Text by Jay Castillo and Cherry Castillo. Copyright © 2010 All rights reserved.

PS. Are you a new visitor? Click here NOW to start learning more about foreclosure investing in the Philippines

PPS. Don’t be the last to know, subscribe to e-mail alerts and get notified of new listings of bank foreclosed properties, public auction schedules, and real estate investing tips. Inbox getting full? Subscribe through my RSS Feed instead!

How to get portfolio income through real estate investing is a post from: Foreclosure Investing Philippines

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A post by Cherry Castillo

I can see that the BIR is dead serious in collecting revenues for the government and is exploring all avenues where tax collection can be improved. In fact, the BIR has a string of recent issuances all concentrating on real property valuation, specifically on updating zonal values to be at par with current market values.

Just to refresh your memory, the basis for the power of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue (CIR) to determine the fair market value (FMV) of properties is Section 6(E) of the Tax Code, which provides:

“(E)  Authority of the Commissioner to Prescribe Real Property Values. — The Commissioner is hereby authorized to divide the Philippines into different zones or areas and shall, upon consultation with competent appraisers both from the private and public sectors, determine the fair market value of real properties located in each zone or area. For purposes of computing any internal revenue tax, the value of the property shall be, whichever is the higher of:

(1)    the fair market value as determined by the Commissioner; or

(2)    the fair market value as shown in the schedule of values of the Provincial and City Assessors.”

The zonal values can be accessed at http://www.bir.gov.ph/zonalvalues/zonalvalues.htm

It is common knowledge, however, that zonal values are not regularly updated and are usually below market value. And since taxes such as the capital gains tax (CGT) are based on the higher amount between the selling price and the actual market value, which is defined as the zonal value, parties sometimes indicate the selling price as just the same or within the vicinity of the zonal value, resulting in a lower CGT. For more information on CGT, please refer to this article about capital gains tax.

Let me give you a run-down of the latest BIR issuances so that you have an idea of things to come:

1. Revenue Memorandum Circular (RMC) No. 071-09 dated December 16, 2009

The officials of the BIR, the Bureau of Local Government Finance (BLGF), and the Philippine Association of Local Treasurers and Assessors, Inc. (PHALTRA) signed a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) which was circularized in RMC No. 071-09 which states in part that they will share information with each other. Notably, the PHALTRA will improve its cooperation and coordination with the BIR in updating zonal values of real properties. Click here for a copy of RMC No. 071-09.

2. RMC No. 27-2010 dated March 17, 2010

This RMC circularizes the full text of Department Order No. 6-2010 dated March 12, 2010 which was issued by the Department of Finance. In essence, it creates committees on real property valuation that would determine the zonal values of real properties for purposes of computing internal revenue taxes. Real property appraisers in the Philippines have thus become even more valuable. Click here for a copy of RMC No. 27-2010.

3. RMC No. 34-2010 dated April 22, 2010

This RMC publishes the full text of the MOA between the BIR and Creba Land Services and Title Warranty Corporation (Creba Land). Creba Land has a Geographic Information System (GIS) which the BIR will use in relation to its land valuation duties. The BIR will be testing the system first and is required to purchase a license within sixty days from first use. The BIR will initially get a copy of Creba Land’s spatial database for Quezon City, Pasig City, and Taguig City. Click here for a copy of RMC No. 34-2010.

The first Whereas clause in the MOA is most interesting: “xxx the BIR aims to complete the revision of zonal values nationwide by 30 June 2010 xxx”. Personally, I think this is a very tight schedule. Those who have properties in Quezon City, Pasig City, and Taguig City should brace themselves for an increase in taxes (particularly CGT). Please note that real property taxes (RPT) are not paid to the BIR but to the local government unit (LGU). However, as earlier discussed, the BIR has a MOA with the BLGF and PHALTRA so the zonal values project will have an effect on RPT as well. [I can imagine my husband bugging me about my RPT article which has been pending for so long.]

With regard to Creba Land, I have seen several newspaper articles featuring it and its mapping services. If you want to learn more about it, please see https://www.mapsys.ph. I have not inquired with Creba Land but my guess is that it’s very expensive (if they would be willing to let us checkout the system, that would be great!). I read about it and I thought that the investment is too big to be undertaken by a private company. Of course the site owner is intelligent so he got the government to buy his services (nothing bad about that). The idea is good but I think if there is a government agency who will purchase Creba Land’s services it should be the Registry of Deeds and not the BIR. If my understanding is correct, the main purpose of mapsys is to detect title fraud, so I don’t think this is up the BIR’s alley.

On another note, I wonder how much the BIR is going to pay Creba Land for this? Also, if the fees are high, how will this affect the fees that the BIR will charge for the issuance of the Certificate Authorizing Registration (CAR) and Tax Clearance? If there will be no additional fees, will the BIR require that the taxpayer make use of the services of Creba Land? Someone has to pay for this. I hope the BIR can shed more light on this contract.

4. RMC No. 40-2010 dated April 22, 2010

This RMC is about the policies and guidelines in the recruitment and designation of private appraiser members to the Regional Executive and Technical Committees on real property valuation. Click here for a copy of RMC No. 40-2010.

To summarize, the BIR is taking steps to update the Schedule of Zonal Values and we should all be prepared for their eventual increase. Be on the lookout for the schedule of hearings on the proposed revised schedule so you can give your inputs. If you have bought real property and have not yet executed a Deed of Absolute Sale (DOAS), there is a possibility that by the time you execute it, the zonal values have already increased, possibly resulting in increased tax payable. This may potentially impact your projected profits and turn them into losses (ouch!) so it’s good to be prepared, and this goes out to all real estate investors out there!

Cherry Castillo

Cherry is my wife. She is a certified public accountant (CPA) and lawyer.

—

To our success and financial freedom!

Jay Castillo

Real Estate Investor

Real Estate Broker License #: 20056
Blog: http://www.foreclosurephilippines.com
Mobile phone (Call/SMS): +639178843882
Follow me in twitter:http://twitter.com/jay_castillo
Like this in Facebook:Foreclosure Philippines facebook page

Text by Jay and Cherry Castillo. Copyright © 2010 All rights reserved.

PS. Are you a new visitor? Click here NOW to start learning more about foreclosure investing in the Philippines and don’t forget to subscribe to e-mail alerts and get notified of new listings of bank foreclosed properties, public auction schedules, and real estate investing tips. Inbox getting full? Subscribe through my RSS Feed instead!

PPS.Do you know anyone who is either an investor or a home buyer looking for a property? Please refer them to our Buy a property form to enter their property requirements. If you need to sell a property fast, please use our Sell a property form to enter details of the property you are selling. If it fits our needs, we just might buy it. Lastly, if know anyone who wants to make 10-15% return on their money, refer them through our Investors’ form. Thanks a million!

Recent BIR Issuances on Property Valuation may affect real estate investors is a post from: Foreclosure Investing Philippines

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My wife who has become so obsessed with finding a new house we can call our home shares updates on what we are thinking of doing with our old house that was devastated by Ondoy, what things to consider, our target locations, finding not just a house but also a sound real estate investment by searching foreclosed property listings, and applicable tax exemptions and pending articles about this and other taxes that apply to real estate, which I hope she finishes soon…

I’m just glad that I was able to convince her to buy a property the way true real estate investors looks for a good deal. Knowing how stubborn she is, I was surprised how easy it was for me to convince her that this is a perfect opportunity for us (as a team) to find a really sound real estate investment that will produce a good positive cashflow if we decide to have it rented out, or sell it for a significant profit down the road. This can only happen if we buy a house well below market value and apply Rich Dad’s principle “… You make money when you buy, not when you sell” as often mentioned by Robert Kiyosaki, best selling author of “Rich Dad Poor Dad”.

Our journey to our new house

By Cherry Castillo

As most of you may already know, we are looking for a new house, as our old house was totally devastated by Ondoy. I am sure many of you are in the same boat as ours. Of course, our decision to move entails more decisions with regard to the next steps, such as:

1. What do we do with our old house? Right now, we have a payment holiday until January 15 with Pag-Ibig. But after that date, we have to continue paying the monthly amortizations. Admittedly, the market value of the house is in question, and it’s not practical to continue paying the amortizations which was based on the market value of Provident Village prior to Ondoy. The next question is, do we sell it now, do we let Pag-Ibig foreclose it, or do we surrender it through a dacion en pago (a.k.a. payment in kind – that is, we give the house as payment for the loan)? If we sell it now, we will be selling it at a loss, but we will be cutting our losses since we will stop paying the high monthly amortization. If we let Pag-Ibig foreclose it (or if we surrender it through dacion en pago), how do we go about it? While it is clear that my husband will no longer be able to take out another housing loan from Pag-Ibig, would it also affect my husband’s credit rating and prevent him from taking out a loan from banks?

2. Granted that we will be moving, where do we go? We can  go anywhere! Anywhere where there’s no flood of course. And since we are now so paranoid of natural (and man-made) calamities, if we are to move, we have to make sure that the area is one that was not reached by floods and that there is at least a second floor.  I don’t want to be in the mountainside too for fear of landslides. We are now open to condominiums (unlike before, when I really could not imagine living in one), but not those that are too high, as I am also concerned about earthquakes. You may have noticed that there have been a lot of news about earthquakes in the Asian region and in the Philippines in particular. I have been telling my officemates that the best place to be is in a low-rise condominium, somewhere in the 3^rd or 4^th floor, since it will not be reached by floods, the structure will be strong enough to withstand earthquakes, and if there’s a fire I can jump out of the window and just have broken bones, or, if there’s a swimming pool nearby, I can just go straight to it. I know it’s a bit on the psycho side but you really get to think a lot about these things if you’ve gone through the great flood brought about by Ondoy. Oh, I forgot, I don’t know how to swim. I better join my son in his swimming lessons this summer! And time to turn into reality the Ondoy-related ideas I have thought about.

3. Where are our target locations? I have narrowed down our choices to the elevated portions of Kapitolyo, Pasig, San Juan, and Quezon City near UP. Aside from the earlier-mentioned considerations, it is very important for us to be near to a good co-ed school for our son as he will be turning five in January 2010 already and it won’t be long before he enters elementary school. I have sort-of developed loyalty to Mother Goose  Playskool and Grade School (This is my son’s school in Provident Village, Marikina which was also devastated by Ondoy. Because they have several branches, they allowed my son to finish the rest of the school year in their Makati branch. Mabuhay ang Mother Goose!) so I want to find a house near a Mother Goose branch. As for my work, I am currently working in Makati but I am open to moving to Ortigas or QC, or maybe if my husband’s business picks up, I might just help him in the business. One of the best lessons I learned in the past years is that TIME is the most precious commodity. There are only 24 hours in a day and spending it on the road is totally useless. So the house should be near the place of work and study. In the course of my research, I have learned that prices are really so steep in the good areas.

4. This of course led me to search our site for foreclosed property listings (In the right side of the this page, you can use the “search” function to look for listings in this site.) I have also called several banks so I have updated listings with me, which my husband will be posting soon. I have also revisited my husband’s post on the Ultimate List of Bank Websites and I have found some updated listings there too. I have found a lot of promising properties and I must admit that it’s really exciting looking for good buys. I have been a bit depressed since last week, after I visited our old house and saw its sorry state. I determined that the only way for me to get out of depression is to finally have a new house! I have been joking that leaving our house is like breaking up with a boyfriend of 5 years – the only way to have closure is to have a new house/boyfriend! The process of looking for and deciding on the perfect place to grow our roots is both tiring and exciting. I do hope we find the house meant for us soon. We have visited a foreclosed property in Mandaluyong last week, full of excitement, only to have our bubble burst because of the really bad neighborhood, one of the worst as my husband put it (And he grew up in Mandaluyong! I really don’t understand why the Mandaluyong local government spends so much money fixing the islands  when they have so many squatters!).  My husband reminded me that it should be the other way around – we should find the worst looking house in a good neighborhood. I have also selected several properties and when I called up the bank, I discovered that they either have pending cases or encumbrances, or the bank does not have possession. Hay! I guess we have to look at more foreclosed properties (Around 100 more according to my husband – that’s a lot!). In God’s time, I know we will find the one for us.

5. Applicable taxes and tax exemptions? Being the tax person that I am, I really have to consider taking advantage of the  capital gains tax (CGT) exemption from the sale of principal residence. I also need to create a post about this and all the other taxes – real property tax (RPT), percentage taxes, VAT, etc. (Okay, I’m really delinquent I admit!).

So basically, we will be going through the entire process of choosing a property that will also be a good investment. We are also looking at other properties, though not foreclosed but are rather houses for sale by owner (FSBO), but which look like good deals. We will do our best to document each step of the way so that it can be a handy and useful guide for everybody, much like a walk-through of the process. Wish us luck!

Cherry is my wife. She is a certified public accountant (CPA) and lawyer.

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My vision – financial freedom for all!

Jay Castillo
Real Estate Investor
Real Estate Broker License #: 20056
Blog: http://www.foreclosurephilippines.com
Click here to contact me via E-mail
Mobile phone (Call/SMS): +639178843882
Twitter: http://twitter.com/jay_castillo
Facebook: Foreclosure Philippines fan page

Text by Jay Castillo. Copyright © 2009 All rights reserved.

PS. If you are a new visitor, please start here to learn more about foreclosure investing in the Philippines.

PS2. Larry Gamboa and Bo Sanchez will give the Think Rich Pinoy Seminar this November 21 at the Philamlife Building in UN avenue in Manila. Larry will discuss his unique Real Estate methods, buying foreclosed properties and turning them around for passive income. You’ll also get to play Robert Kiyosaki’s CashFlow 101 Game and learn! To attend, click here now!

PS3. If you feel that anyone else you know might benefit from this post, please do share this to them and don’t forget to subscribe to e-mail alerts and get notified of new listings of bank foreclosed properties, public auction schedules, and real estate investing tips. If your inbox is getting full, you may subscribe through my RSS Feed instead.

Our journey to our new house – Finding a new home like true real estate investors is a post from: Foreclosure Investing Philippines

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